Characterisation of the Mechanical Properties of Heat-Induced Protein Deposits in Immersed Cleaning Systems
During heat treatment in dairy production, the rapid formation of heat-induced fouling deposits on the plant surface leads to reduced efficiency of heat transfer. Therefore, a regular cleaning process is required to soften the heat-induced protein deposits and then remove them from the plant surface...
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| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer,
2023.
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| Ausgabe: | 1st ed. 2023. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Mechanics and Adaptronics,
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| Online-Zugang: | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21849-1 |
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Inhaltsangabe:
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Motivation
- 1.2. Aim of the present work
- 1.3. Outline
- 2. Background of cleaning in place
- 2.1. Heat treatment in the dairy production
- 2.2. Fouling and cleaning in the dairy production
- 2.2.1. Heat-induced formation of fouling deposits
- 2.2.2. The use of whey protein for experimental studies
- 2.2.3. Cleaning process for the fouled heating surface
- 2.3. The influence factors of cleaning in place
- 2.4. Cleaning mechanisms on the mechanical properties of protein deposits
- 3. Mechanical behaviour of heat-induced deposits
- 3.1. Mechanical behaviour of fouling deposits
- 3.1.1. Fouling experiments with raw milk and whey protein solution
- 3.1.2. Realisation of quasi-static and dynamic indentation experiments
- 3.1.3. Comparison of mechanical responses between milk and whey protein deposits
- 3.1.4. Influences of heat treatment on the mechanical behaviour of fouling deposits
- 3.2. Mechanical behaviour of whey protein gel
- 3.2.1. Gelation of whey protein solution with different heating conditions
- 3.2.2. Characterisation of fracture behaviour of WPG
- 3.2.3. Degradation of the WPG samples with NaOH solution
- 3.2.4. Characterisation of failure behaviour of WPG
- 4. Constitutive modelling and numerical simulation 69
- 4.1. Kinematics and balance equations
- 4.1.1. Kinematics of deformation
- 4.1.2. Stress tensors
- 4.1.3. Balance equation
- 4.2 Constitutive equations for protein deposits
- 4.2.1. One-dimensional generalised Maxwell model
- 4.2.2. Three-dimensional visco-hyperelastic model
- 4.2.3. Parameter identification through inverse finite element method
- 4.2.4. Application of modelling approaches
- 5. Conclusion and Outlook. .